"The 2009 CIA World Factbook" by the United States Central Intelligence Agency is a reference resource published in 2009. This almanac-style publication provides comprehensive summaries of 258 international entities, covering demographics, geography, communications, government, economy, and military information. Originally created for U.S. government officials, the Factbook has become widely used for academic research and journalism. As a public domain work, it offers detailed country profiles and global data, though its content reflects American political perspectives on certain territorial disputes.