"The Will to Power: An Attempted Transvaluation of All Values. Book III and IV" by Friedrich Nietzsche is a compilation of notebook fragments assembled posthumously in the early 1900s. After Nietzsche's mental collapse, his sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche and friend Peter Gast selected and arranged his unpublished notes, claiming they represented his intended magnum opus. Later philological research revealed the work was an artificial construction—Nietzsche had abandoned plans for such a book before his breakdown. The fragments were reorganized and sometimes altered, making this controversial compilation a "historic forgery" rather than Nietzsche's final philosophical statement.